- NEW: Opposition says at least 30 people have been killed across Syria on Monday
- Arab League offers Syria's president "a safe exit" if he quickly resigns, leaves country
- The league calls on opposition members to form national unity government
- The largest city, Aleppo, comes under a second day of fighting, the opposition activists say
(CNN) -- The Syrian Foreign Ministry said Monday that the country has chemical or biological weapons, but would never use them against its citizens -- only against foreign attackers.
"Any stocks of (weapons of mass destruction) or any unconventional weapon that the Syrian Arab Republic possesses would never be used against civilians or against the Syrian people during this crisis at any circumstance, no matter how the crisis would evolve," ministry spokesman Jihad Makdissi told reporters.
"All the stocks of these weapons that the Syrian Arab Republic possesses are monitored and guarded by the Syrian army. These weapons are meant to be used only and strictly in the event of external aggression against the Syrian Arab Republic," he said Monday.
The remarks come after months of international chatter about whether foreign countries should intervene militarily to try to end more than a year of bloodshed in Syria.
More Syrians abandoning their homes 
Syrian TV shows new video of al-Assad 
What's next for Syria's president? 
Attack a major blow to Syrian regime Meanwhile, the Arab League will offer Syrian President Bashar al-Assad "a safe exit" if he resigns quickly and leaves the country, a senior Arab League official said, marking the latest attempt to get Syria's longtime ruler to step down.
The official provided no further details because the source is not authorized to speak to the media.
Qatari Foreign Minister Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani did not discuss an exit plan when speaking with reporters after the Sunday meeting, but confirmed "there is an agreement on the need for the swift resignation" of al-Assad.
"We call on the opposition and the Free Syrian Army to form a government of national unity," Sheikh Hamad said.
Despite the Arab League's proposal, the brutal violence has not let up. At least 30 people were killed Monday, the opposition Local Coordination Committees of Syria said.
See images of the showdown in Syria
The Arab League would not be the first to offer an outlet for al-Assad.
Tunisia -- the cradle of the Arab Spring uprisings and the first country last year to oust its longtime ruler -- offered asylum to the Syrian president in February in an attempt to spare further bloodshed.
And the daughter of Qatar's emir has suggested exile in Doha, according to a cache of e-mails leaked to CNN earlier this year.
If al-Assad were to leave, he would follow a series of longtime rulers in the region who have succumbed to popular revolts since last year, including former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, deposed Libyan dictator Moammar Gadhafi and former Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who stepped down in a transfer-of-power deal.
Rime Allaf, an associate fellow at the Chatham House in London, said she thinks Syrians opposed to al-Assad are split on the notion of a "safe exit" for the president.
"Some may want a way to save as many lives as possible, so if he leaves without prosecution, then so be it, as they think the matter of most urgency now is saving the Syrian people," said Allaf, a Syrian national.
"Others say it is impossible to let him leave. Not only would it let him get away with thousands of murders and the destruction of the country, but it also would give him a green light to keep on doing what's he's doing, knowing that when he decides to leave, he can leave."
Read more on preparing for al-Assad's exit
On Sunday, July 22, a Syrian refugee looks out from a bus as he arrives at a refugee camp in Turkey, which is opposite of the Syrian commercial crossing point Bab al-Hawa. 
Syrian refugees flee from a refugee camp nicknamed "Container City" on the Turkish-Syrian border in Kilis province, southern Turkey, on Sunday. 
Smoke from artillery shelling rises above Jbatha Al-khashab. 
An armed Syrian rebel wearing the jersey of FC Barcelona rests with comrades near the northern city of Aleppo on Sunday. The rebel Free Syrian Army announced the start of the battle to "liberate" Aleppo, Syria's commercial hub and a traditional bastion of President Bashar al-Assad's regime. 
In this photo released by the Shaam News Network, a truck burns after shelling in the Erbeen suburb of Damascus on Saturday, July 21. 
Refugees fleeing the violence in Syria arrive by bus in Baghdad, Iraq, on Saturday. 
Turkish soldiers stand guard at the Cilvegozu border gate in Reyhanly that connects to Syria's Bab al-Hawa post. An estimated 120,000 people have fled Syria to Turkey, Iraq, Lebanon and Jordan. 
Burned-out trucks at the Bab al-Hawa Syrian border post with Turkey on Friday, July 20. Syrian rebels seized control of the post after a fierce battle with Syrian troops, an AFP photographer at the scene reported. 
Syrian soldiers celebrate in the al-Midan area in Damascus on Friday. Syrian regime forces routed rebel fighters from the Damascus neighbourhood of Midan, Syrian state television reported, saying troops had "cleaned" the district of "terrorists." 
Journalists are shown a dead body on a government tour of the al-Midan area in Damascus on Friday. 
Members of Syria security forces rest in the al-Midan area in Damascus on Friday. 
Syrian army soldiers hang their national flag in a partially destroyed neighborhood in the al-Midan area in Damascus. 
Smoke hangs in the air in a partially destroyed neighborhood in the al-Midan area in Damascus. 
Members of Syria security forces pose for photographers in the al-Midan area in Damascus after driving out the rebel fighters. 
Syrian residents take goods from a truck that rebels captured at the Bab al-Hawa border crossing with Turkey on Friday. 
A picture released by the official Syrian Arab News Agency on July 19 shows Syrian General Fahd al-Freij meeting with President Bashar al-Assad in Damascus after his swearing-in ceremony as defense minister. 
A man holds up a picture of President Bashar al-Assad at a former police station in Atareb after clashes between Syrian soldiers and Free Syrain Army near Aleppo on Thursday, July 19. Rebels seized control of border crossings with Iraq on Thursday, dealing a new blow to al-Assad, as China and Russia dismayed the West by blocking U.N. action against his regime. 
People walk along the street in Atareb amidst damage caused by clashed between Syrian soldiers and the Free Syrian Army. 
A Syrian man checks the former police station of Syrian regime after a clash at Atareb on Thursday. 
Smoke ascends from from alleged shelling of the Syrian village of Jebata al-Khashab as seen from the hill village of Buqaata in the Israeli-annexed Golan Heights on Thursday. 
The death toll in Syria on July 12 reached 287, making it the bloodiest day in Syria since the uprising began. As it has done consistently, Syrian state television blamed "armed terrorist groups" for the killings. 
A Syrian woman sits with her grandson outside a damaged building after attacks in the Syrian village of Treimsa on July 13, 2012. More than 200 people were massacred in the town, according to activists. 
A Syrian demonstrator holds an opposition flag during a protest in Damascus on July 2, 2012. There have been increasing reports of violence in the Syrian capital. 
Syria's President Bashar al-Assad waves as he arrives for a speech to Syria's parliament in Damascus on June 3, 2012. The embattled president denied that government forces were behind the "outrageous" massacre in Houla. 
People gather at a mass burial on May 26, 2012 for victims reportedly killed during an artillery barrage from Syrian forces in Houla. The attack left at least 108 people dead, including nearly 50 children, according to the United Nations. 
Members of the Free Syrian Army return to Qusayr on May 12, 2012 after an attack on Syrian regime forces in the village of Nizareer, near the Lebanese border in Homs. 
A U.N. observer speaks with Syrian rebels and civilians in the village of Azzara on May 4, 2012, days before the country's parlianemtary polls were held against a backdrop of unrest. 
Thousands of Syrians wave their national flag and hold portraits of President Bashar al-Assad and Lebanon's Hezbollah chief Hassan Nasrallah, right, during a rally to show support for their leader on March 29, 2012 in Damascus. 
Syrian rebel fighters man a checkpoint leading into the town of Taftanaz in the rebel stronghold province of Idlib on March 20, 2012. 
A Free Syrian Army rebel mounts his steed in the Al-Shatouria village near the Turkish border in northwestern Syria on March 16, 2012, a year after the uprising began. The Free Syrian Army is an armed opposition group made up largely of military defectors. 
Syrian refugees walk across a field before crossing into Turkey on March 14, 2012. International mediator Kofi Annan called for an immediate halt to the killing of civilians in Syria as he arrived in Turkey for talks on the crisis. 
A day after the twin suicide bombings, Syrian mourners pray over the coffins of the 44 people killed during a mass funeral in Damascus. 
A Syrian man who was wounded in a suicide attack rests at a hospital in Damascus on December 23, 2011. Suicide bombers hit two security service bases in the Syrian capital, killing dozens of people. 
Arab foreign ministers attend an emergency meeting at the Arab League headquarters in Cairo on October 16, 2011, to discuss the crisis in Syria. 
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton speaks to the media in Washington on August 18, 2011. Clinton said U.S. sanctions on Syrian oil "strike at the heart of the Syrian regime." 
Syrian youths wave national flags while army troops drive out of Daraa on May 5, 2011. During a week-long military lockdown of the town, dozens of people were reportedly killed in what activists described as "indiscriminate" shelling on the city. 
Syrians in Damascus protest in the street on March 25, 2011, after clashes with government forces in Daraa left several dead. 
Supporters of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad rally on April 1 in Istanbul, Turkey, as delegates from dozens of countries gather to push for ways to end the deadly violence in Syria. The United Nations estimates more than 10,000 people have been killed since the beginning of the crisis in March 2011. The conflict is now being labeled a civil war by the International Committee of the Red Cross. 
Showdown in Syria 
Syrians surround a U.N observer vehicle after placing the bodies of a girl and man on the car in Houla on Saturday, May 26, 2012. The photo is from the opposition Shaam News Network. Forty-nine children were among the 108 slaughtered in Houla on Friday, May 25, U.N. monitors say. The massacre in Houla, a suburb of the anti-government bastion of Homs, has reignited international fury against Bashar al-Assad's regime. 
The body of a slain Syrian child lies next to other shrouded bodies at a hospital mortuary in Houla on Saturday in another photo from the opposition Shaam News Network. Al-Assad's regime insists it is not behind the massacre and blames terrorist groups. Syria has attributed violence on "armed terrorist groups" throughout the 14-month-old uprising. 
Bodies of children lie in a Houla hospital morgue before their burial Saturday in another photo from Shaam News Network. Images from the town show a room crammed with mangled and bloody bodies of children -- some with their skulls torn open. 
U.N. observers visit a hospital morgue in Houla on Saturday before the burial of massacre victims. Opposition activists and residents blame al-Assad's regime for the bloodbath. 
A Houla resident shows a body to a U.N. observer at a mosque in the central Syrian town. Some U.N. Security Council members condemned the attacks "that involved a series of government artillery and tank shellings on a residential neighborhood" as well as killings of civilians by close-range gunshots. 
Syrians gather at a mass burial Saturday in Houla. "Those responsible for these brutal crimes must be held accountable," Kofi Annan, the U.N.-Arab League special envoy, said in a statement. Photos: Massacre in Syria 
A member of the Free Syrian Army engages in an attack against the Syrian army in Al-Qusayr on January 27. The small town in western Syria has been under siege since early November. 
Syrians burn a portrait of President Bashar al-Assad in Al-Qusayr. The Syrian regime has faced international pressure to stop its crackdown on protesters. Some have asked for al-Assad to step down. 
Free Syrian Army rebels ride a motorcycle through Al-Qusayr on January 28. A Corbis Images photographer spent several days in the town. His images offer a rare look at the combat in Syria, where access is limited. 
The Free Syrian Army is made up of former Syrian military soldiers who left their posts and sided with the protesters. The group has declared war on the regime of President al-Assad and taken up posts throughout the country. 
Opposition fighters fire on Syrian soldiers on January 24. Syria has seen a sharp increase in violence in recent weeks, with hundreds killed in clashes between government forces, rebels and protesters. 
A member of the Free Syrian Army holds an AK-47 and prayer beads in the streets of Al-Qusayr. 
The rebels drive through a neighborhood in Al-Qusayr. The town is close to the flashpoint city of Homs and has about 44,000 residents. 
More than 65 people are believed to have lost their lives in Al-Qusayr. Opposition groups say food and electricity are in short supply and communication lines have been interrupted. 
A member of the Free Syrian Army receives first aid after he was wounded by a rocket-propelled grenade on January 25. More than 5,000 people have died in Syria since the start of the government crackdown in March, according to the United Nations. 
Free Syrian Army fighters stand guard at night in Al- Qusayr. The humanitarian crisis in Syria continues to worsen as armed rebels and government forces battle for control of towns and cities across the country. Photos: Front lines of Free Syrian Army But Allaf said she thinks there is "absolutely zero" chance that the president will take up the Arab League's offer.
"I think Assad does not plan on ever accepting any possible plans for escaping or leaving," she said. "I think he will keep on fighting, hoping the revolution will stop."
The Syrian government has long maintained that "armed terrorist groups" are fueling violence in the country.
Responding to a question about clashes in Damascus, "we are in a state of self-defense," Makdissi said.
But he later added, "this is an exceptional matter. It will last a couple of days, and matters will return to normal."
On Monday, chaos ensued in cities across the country, opposition activists said.
In Homs, two people were killed "due to intense shelling by helicopters and rocket launchers, accompanied by intense clashes between the (rebel) Free Syrian Army and the regime army," the LCC said.
The LCC reported fierce clashes for a second day in Aleppo, a critical city in the Syrian crisis. Aleppo, the largest city and commercial hub of Syria, is akin to New York in the United States.
Both Aleppo and the capital city of Damascus -- longtime al-Assad strongholds -- came under heavy fighting Sunday, opposition activists said.
By the end of the day, 111 people had died across Syria, including 56 people in and around Damascus and three in Aleppo, the LCC said.
CNN cannot independently confirm reports of violence because the government restricts access by foreign journalists.
In a video posted online Sunday, the head of the rebel Free Syrian Army in Aleppo announced an operation "to liberate the city of Aleppo from the rule of the Assad thugs, whose hands were blood-stained by heinous crimes against our people."
Brig. Gen. Abdel Jabbar Al-Obeidi also vowed to secure Aleppo and protect all minorities and sects, including the members of Alawite sect that the president belongs to.
If rebels eventually gain control of Aleppo, it would mark a pivotal point in the Syrian crisis and deal a heavy blow to al-Assad's financial ties.
The Syrian crisis started in March 2011, when a fierce government crackdown against protesters morphed into a nationwide uprising against the regime.
Video: How does Assad survive in Syria?
The United Nations estimates more than 10,000 people have been killed since the crisis began more than 16 months ago. But Rupert Colville, a spokesman for the office of the U.N. high commissioner for human rights, said the United Nations has not been giving out overall death toll numbers since December "because it became impossible to verify the numbers in any meaningful way."
Opposition groups tracking deaths have issued higher tolls. The LCC, for example, estimates more than 16,000 people -- mostly civilians -- have died.
In addition to the deaths, thousands of refugees have fled Syria into neighboring countries to escape the turmoil.
The United States will give Jordan $100 million in special economic aid to help ease the burden of hosting Syrian refugees, the U.S. Embassy in Jordan said Monday.
Read more: Why Syria could get even uglier
CNN's Mohamed Fadel Fahmy, Salma Abdelaziz, Schams Elwazer and Raja Razek contributed to this report.
